| Index Entry |  Section | 
 
  | 
| E |  |  | 
 | EBCDIC | 15.5 Translating Between Characters and Numbers | 
 | egrep | 2.2.1 One-shot Throw-away awk Programs | 
 | egrep | 4.3 Regular Expression Operators | 
 | egrep utility | 16.1.2 Searching for Regular Expressions in Files | 
 | egrep.awk | 16.1.2 Searching for Regular Expressions in Files | 
 | element assignment | 11.3 Assigning Array Elements | 
 | element of array | 11.2 Referring to an Array Element | 
 | empty action | 2.3 A Very Simple Example | 
 | empty pattern | 8.1.6 The Empty Pattern | 
 | empty program | 14. Running awk | 
 | empty string | 5.1 How Input is Split into Records | 
 | empty string | 5.5.2 Using Regular Expressions to Separate Fields | 
 | empty string | 7.4 Conversion of Strings and Numbers | 
 | empty string | 7.9 True and False in awk | 
 | END special pattern | 8.1.5 The BEGIN and END Special Patterns | 
 | endfile | 15.9 Noting Data File Boundaries | 
 | endgrent | 15.12 Reading the Group Database | 
 | endpwent | 15.11 Reading the User Database | 
 | ENVIRON | 10.2 Built-in Variables that Convey Information | 
 | environment variable, AWKPATH | 14.3 The AWKPATH Environment Variable | 
 | environment variable, POSIXLY_CORRECT | 14.1 Command Line Options | 
 | equivalence classes | 4.3 Regular Expression Operators | 
 | ERRNO | 5.8.1 Introduction to getline | 
 | ERRNO | 6.8 Closing Input and Output Files and Pipes | 
 | ERRNO | 10.2 Built-in Variables that Convey Information | 
 | errors, common | 4.7 Using Dynamic Regexps | 
 | errors, common | 5.5.1 The Basics of Field Separating | 
 | errors, common | 6.2 Examples of print Statements | 
 | errors, common | 7.10 Variable Typing and Comparison Expressions | 
 | escape processing, sub et. al. | More About `\' and `&' with sub, gsub and gensub | 
 | escape sequence notation | 4.2 Escape Sequences | 
 | evaluation, order of | 12.1 Calling Built-in Functions | 
 | examining fields | 5.2 Examining Fields | 
 | executable scripts | 2.2.4 Executable awk Programs | 
 | exit statement | 9.9 The exit Statement | 
 | exp | 12.2 Numeric Built-in Functions | 
 | explicit input | 5.8 Explicit Input with getline | 
 | exponentiation | 7.5 Arithmetic Operators | 
 | expression | 7. Expressions | 
 | expression, assignment | 7.7 Assignment Expressions | 
 | expression, boolean | 7.11 Boolean Expressions | 
 | expression, comparison | 7.10 Variable Typing and Comparison Expressions | 
 | expression, conditional | 7.12 Conditional Expressions | 
 | expression, matching | 7.10 Variable Typing and Comparison Expressions | 
 | extract.awk | 16.2.7 Extracting Programs from Texinfo Source Files | 
 
  | 
| F |  |  | 
 | features, adding | C.2.1 Adding New Features | 
 | fflush | 12.4 Built-in Functions for Input/Output | 
 | field operator $ | 5.2 Examining Fields | 
 | field separator, choice of | 5.5.1 The Basics of Field Separating | 
 | field separator, FS | 5.5.1 The Basics of Field Separating | 
 | field separator, on command line | 5.5.4 Setting FS from the Command Line | 
 | field, changing contents of | 5.4 Changing the Contents of a Field | 
 | fields | 5.2 Examining Fields | 
 | fields, separating | 5.5.1 The Basics of Field Separating | 
 | FIELDWIDTHS | 10.1 Built-in Variables that Control awk | 
 | file descriptors | 6.7 Special File Names in gawk | 
 | file, awk program | 2.2.3 Running Long Programs | 
 | FILENAME | 5. Reading Input Files | 
 | FILENAME | 5.8.8 Summary of getline Variants | 
 | FILENAME | 10.2 Built-in Variables that Convey Information | 
 | FILENAME, being set by getline | 5.8.8 Summary of getline Variants | 
 | Fish, Fred | B.7 Reporting Problems and Bugs | 
 | flushing buffers | 12.4 Built-in Functions for Input/Output | 
 | flushing buffers | Controlling Output Buffering with system | 
 | FNR | 5.1 How Input is Split into Records | 
 | FNR | 10.2 Built-in Variables that Convey Information | 
 | for statement | 9.4 The for Statement | 
 | format specifier | 6.5.2 Format-Control Letters | 
 | format string | 6.5.1 Introduction to the printf Statement | 
 | format, numeric output | 6.4 Controlling Numeric Output with print | 
 | formatted output | 6.5 Using printf Statements for Fancier Printing | 
 | formatted timestamps | 15.8 Managing the Time of Day | 
 | Free Software Foundation | The GNU Project and This Book | 
 | Free Software Foundation | B.1.1 Getting the gawk Distribution | 
 | Free Software Foundation | B.1.1 Getting the gawk Distribution | 
 | FreeBSD | The GNU Project and This Book | 
 | Friedl, Jeffrey | Acknowledgements | 
 | FS | 5.5.1 The Basics of Field Separating | 
 | FS | 10.1 Built-in Variables that Control awk | 
 | ftp, anonymous | B.1.1 Getting the gawk Distribution | 
 | ftp, anonymous | B.8 Other Freely Available awk Implementations | 
 | function call | 7.13 Function Calls | 
 | function call | 13.3 Calling User-defined Functions | 
 | function definition | 13.1 Function Definition Syntax | 
 | function, recursive | 13.1 Function Definition Syntax | 
 | functions, undefined | 13.3 Calling User-defined Functions | 
 | functions, user-defined | 13. User-defined Functions | 
 
  | 
| G |  |  | 
 | gawk coding style | C.2.1 Adding New Features | 
 | gensub | 12.3 Built-in Functions for String Manipulation | 
 | getgrent | 15.12 Reading the Group Database | 
 | getgrent, C version | 15.12 Reading the Group Database | 
 | getgrgid | 15.12 Reading the Group Database | 
 | getgrnam | 15.12 Reading the Group Database | 
 | getgruser | 15.12 Reading the Group Database | 
 | getline | 5.8 Explicit Input with getline | 
 | getline, return values | 5.8.1 Introduction to getline | 
 | getline, setting FILENAME | 5.8.8 Summary of getline Variants | 
 | getopt | 15.10 Processing Command Line Options | 
 | getopt, C version | 15.10 Processing Command Line Options | 
 | getpwent | 15.11 Reading the User Database | 
 | getpwent, C version | 15.11 Reading the User Database | 
 | getpwnam | 15.11 Reading the User Database | 
 | getpwuid | 15.11 Reading the User Database | 
 | gettimeofday | 15.8 Managing the Time of Day | 
 | getting gawk | B.1.1 Getting the gawk Distribution | 
 | GNU Project | The GNU Project and This Book | 
 | grcat program | 15.12 Reading the Group Database | 
 | grcat.c | 15.12 Reading the Group Database | 
 | group file | 15.12 Reading the Group Database | 
 | group information | 15.12 Reading the Group Database | 
 | gsub | 12.3 Built-in Functions for String Manipulation | 
 | gsub, third argument of | 12.3 Built-in Functions for String Manipulation | 
 
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